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Home » Raw Herbs ยป Powder

Capsicum annuum  L.

   

click to enlarge image

Botanical Name

:

Capsicum annuum L.

English Name

:

Cayenne, Red pepper, Bird Pepper

Synonym(s)

:

Capsicum frutescens

Family

:

Solanaceae

 

General Info

Description

It is a short-lived perennial herb but is cultivated as an annual herb. The leaves are oblong and glabrous. The flowers are solitary, rarely in pairs, pure white to bluish white, very rarely violet in colour. The berries are green, maturing into yellow, orange to red grading into brown or purple, pendent, rarely erect, very variable in size (up to 20 cm long and 10 cm in dia.), shape and pungency and sometimes lobed. The seeds are white or cream to yellow, thin, almost circular, having long placental connections.

Herb Effects

Antirheumatic, antiseptic, diaphoretic, digestive, irritant, rubefacient, sialagogue, tonic, rubefacient, irritant, carminative, stimulates the secretion of saliva and gastric juices, stimulates peristalsis of the stomach and lowers blood cholesterol (fruit). It reduces the likelihood of developing, atherosclerosis by reducing blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels. It also reduces the platelet aggregation and increases fibrinolytic activity.

Links

Chiles, The Hottest Health Promoters
Plants for a Future

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

Alanine, alpha-carotene, alpha-linolenic acid, alpha-phyllandrene, alpha-pinene, alpha-terpineol, alpha-tocopherol, arginine, ascorbic acid, beta-carotene, betaine, capsaicin (a red coloring matter), caffeic acid, camphene, capsaicin, caryophyllene, chlorogenic acid, citric acid, eugenol, folacin, hesperidin, homocapsaicin, limonene, linoleic acid, lutein, myrcene, niacin, oleic acid, p-coumaric acid, pulegone, riboflavin, scopoletin, solanine, solasodine, stearic acid, stigmasterol, terpinen-4-ol, thiamin, tocopherol, tryptophan and vanillylamide decynate (fruit); fucosterol and iso-citrostadienol (seed oil); acetyl-choline, choline, (pericarp); beta-sitosterol (plant)

Chemistry of Active Ingredients
Product Categories

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Product Categories
Capsaicin 2444-46-4 N-[(4-hydroxy-3-meth
oxy-phenyl)methyl]no
nanamide
C17H27NO3 Click Here To Enlarge
Fucosterol 17605-67-3 10,13-dimethyl-17-(5
-propan-2-ylhept-5-e
n-2-yl)-2,3,4,7,8,9,
11,12,14,1 5,16,17-
dodecahydro-1H-cyclo
penta[a]phenanthren-
3-ol
C29H48O Click Here To Enlarge
Alanine 35597-43-4 2-[2-[2-amino-4-(hyd
roxy-methyl-phosphor
yl)-butanoyl]aminopr
opanoylami no]propa
noic acid
C11H22N3O6P Click Here To Enlarge
alpha-Carotene 432-70-2 (1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,
13E,15E,17E)-3,7,12,
16-tetramethyl-1-(2,
6,6-trimet hyl-1-cy
clohexenyl)-18-(2,6,
6-trimethyl-1-cycloh
ex-2-enyl)octadeca-1
,3 ,5,7,9,11,13,15,
17-nonaene
C40H56 Click Here To Enlarge
alpha-Linolenic acid 94138-91-7 octadeca-9,12,15-tri
enoic acid
C18H30O2 Click Here To Enlarge
alpha-Phellandrene 2243-33-6 2-methyl-5-propan-2-
yl-cyclohexa-1,3-die
ne
C10H16 Click Here To Enlarge
alpha-Pinene 80-56-8 2,7,7-trimethylbicyc
lo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene
C10H16 Click Here To Enlarge
alpha-Terpineol 10482-56-1 2-(4-methyl-1-cycloh
ex-3-enyl)propan-2-o
l
C10H18O Click Here To Enlarge
alpha-Tocopherol 364-50-1 2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-
2-(5,9,13-trimethylt
etradecyl)chroman-6-
ol
C30H52O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Arginine 7004-12-8 2-amino-5-guanidino-
pentanoic acid
C6H14N4O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Ascorbic acid Not Available 2-(1,2-dihydroxyethy
l)-4,5-dihydroxy-fur
an-3-one
C6H8O6 Click Here To Enlarge
beta-Carotene Not Available 3,7,12,16-tetramethy
l-1,18-bis(2,6,6-tri
methyl-1-cyclohexeny
l)-octadec a-1,3,5,
7,9,11,13,15,17-nona
ene
C40H56 Click Here To Enlarge
Betaine 590-47-6 Carboxymethyl-trimet
hyl-ammonium
hydroxide
C5H13NO3 Click Here To Enlarge
Caffeic acid Not Available 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)prop-2-enoic acid
C9H8O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Camphene 5794-04-7 2,2-dimethyl-3-methy
lidene-norbornane
C10H16 Click Here To Enlarge
Caryophyllene 87-44-5 4,11,11-trimethyl-8-
methylidene-bicyclo[
7.2.0]undec-4-ene
C15H24 Click Here To Enlarge
Chlorogenic acid 327-97-9 3-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyp
henyl)prop-2-enoylox
y]-1,4,5-trihydroxy-
cyclohexan e-1-carb
oxylic acid
C16H18O9 Click Here To Enlarge
Citric acid Not Available 2-hydroxypropane-1,2
,3-tricarboxylic
acid
C6H8O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Eugenol 97-53-0 2-methoxy-4-prop-2-e
nyl-phenol
C10H12O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Folacin 6484-89-5 2-[4-[(2-amino-4-oxo
-1H-pteridin-6-yl)me
thylamino]benzoyl]am
inopentane dioic
acid
C19H19N7O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Hesperidin 520-26-3 5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydro
xy-4-methoxy-phenyl)
-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy
-6-[(3,4,5 -trihydr
oxy-6-methyl-oxan-2-
yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-
yl]oxy-chroman-4-one
C28H34O15 Click Here To Enlarge
Limonene 9003-73-0 1-methyl-4-prop-1-en
-2-yl-cyclohexene
C10H16 Click Here To Enlarge
Linoleic acid 8024-22-4 Octadeca-9,12-dienoi
c acid
C18H32O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Lutein 34445-91-5 4-[18-(4-hydroxy-2,6
,6-trimethyl-1-cyclo
hexenyl)-3,7,12,16-t
etramethyl -octadec
a-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15
,17-nonaenyl]-3,5,5-
trimethyl-cyclohex-2
-e n-1-ol
C40H56O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Myrcene 2153-31-3 7-methyl-3-methylide
ne-octa-1,6-diene
C10H16 Click Here To Enlarge
Niacin 99148-57-9 pyridine-3-carboxyli
c acid
C6H5NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Oleic acid 8046-01-3 octadec-9-enoic acid C18H34O2 Click Here To Enlarge
p-Coumaric acid 501-98-4 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)p
rop-2-enoic acid
C9H8O3 Click Here To Enlarge
Pulegone 3285-04-9 5-methyl-2-propan-2-
ylidene-cyclohexan-1
-one
C10H16O Click Here To Enlarge
Riboflavin Not Available Not Available C17H21N4O9P Click Here To Enlarge
Scopoletin 92-61-5 2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-
chromen-7-one
C10H8O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Solanine 121-54-0 benzyl-dimethyl-[2-[
2-[4-(1,1,3,3-tetram
ethylbutyl)phenoxy]e
thoxy]ethy l]ammoni
um hydrochloride
C27H43ClNO2+ Click Here To Enlarge
Solasodine 6106-33-8 Not Available C27H43NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Stearic acid 82497-27-6 octadecanoic acid C18H36O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Stigmasterol 4736-55-4 17-(4-ethyl-1,5-dime
thyl-hex-2-enyl)-10,
13-dimethyl-1,2,4,5,
6,7,8,9,10 ,11,12,1
3,14,15,16,17-hexade
cahydrocyclopenta[a]
phenanthren-3-one
C29H48O Click Here To Enlarge
Terpinen-4-ol Not Available 4-methyl-1-propan-2-
yl-cyclohex-3-en-1-o
l
C10H18O Click Here To Enlarge
Thiamin 59-43-8 2-[3-[(4-amino-2-met
hyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)m
ethyl]-4-methyl-1-th
ia-3-azoni acyclope
nta-2,4-dien-5-yl]et
hanol
C12H17N4OS+ Click Here To Enlarge
Tocopherol 59-02-9 2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-
2-(4,8,12-trimethylt
ridecyl)chroman-6-ol
C29H50O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Tryptophan 80206-30-0 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-
3-yl)propanoic acid
C11H12N2O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Fucosterol 17605-67-3 10,13-dimethyl-17-(5
-propan-2-ylhept-5-e
n-2-yl)-2,3,4,7,8,9,
11,12,14,1 5,16,17-
dodecahydro-1H-cyclo
penta[a]phenanthren-
3-ol
C29H48O Click Here To Enlarge
Choline 67-48-1 2-hydroxyethyl-trime
thyl-ammonium
C5H14NO+ Click Here To Enlarge
Beta-sitosterol 5779-62-4 17-(5-ethyl-6-methyl
-heptan-2-yl)-10,13-
dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9
,11,12,14,
C29H50O Click Here To Enlarge

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

For atony of the intestines and stomach, indigestion, dipsomania, catarrh, relieving chronic congestion, relaxed uvula (tincture powder), as a powerful external rubefacient (without blistering), in lumbago, rheumatism and neuralgia. It is taken internally in the treatment of the cold stage of fevers, debility in convalescence or old age, varicose veins, asthma and digestive problems. Externally it is used in the treatment of sprains, unbroken chilblains, neuralgia, pleurisy etc. It is an effective sea-sickness preventative. It is useful for Bursitis, Diabetic neuropathy, Osteoarthritis, Psoriasis, Rheumatoid arthritis, Shingles (herpes zoster) and postherpetic neuralgia. Cayenne pepper exerts a number of beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system.

Contraindication

Avoid use in cases of peptic ulcer disease or hyperacidity. Avoid use in cardiac palpitations, i.e. undesirable effect on the heart. Do not use if there is a burning sensation in the stomach.Avoid on open wounds, due to irritation.

Reference

Chandel et al., Biodiversity in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in India.


The Himalaya Drug Company.

Bentley and Trimen, Medicinal Plants.

Grieve. M. A Modern Herbal. 1931 (www.botanical.com).

Johnson T. CRC Ethnobotany Desk Reference.

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